BST2 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

說明書

中文名稱：

BST2 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody
貨號：

CSB-RA237684A0HU
規(guī)格：

￥1320
圖片：
Flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 expression in HepG2 cells using bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 antibody. Green, isotype control; red, bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2.

Immunocytochemical staining of HepG2 cells with bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 antibody. Nuclei were stained blue with DAPI; Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 was stained magenta with Alexa Fluor? 647. Images were taken using Leica stellaris 5. Protein abundance based on laser Intensity and smart gain: Medium. Scale bar: 20 μm.

Western blotting analysis using bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 antibody. Total cell lysates (30 μg) from various cell lines were loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. The blot was incubated with bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 antibody and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody respectively.
其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情
產(chǎn)品評價
相關(guān)產(chǎn)品
靶點詳情

產(chǎn)品詳情

Uniprot No.：

Q10589
基因名：

BST2
別名：

BST2; Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Antigen 2; Tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24; CD317; Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen; Antiviral Factor Tetherin; HM1.24 Antigen; CD317 Antigen; NPC-A-7
反應(yīng)種屬：

Human, Mouse, Rat
免疫原：

Recombinant Human BST2 protein
免疫原種屬：

Homo sapiens (Human)
標(biāo)記方式：

Non-conjugated
克隆類型：

Monoclonal
抗體亞型：

Rabbit IgG
純化方式：

Affinity-chromatography
克隆號：

10B3
濃度：

It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
保存緩沖液：

Rabbit IgG in PBS (pH 7.4) containing 50% glycerol, and 0.02% sodium azide.
產(chǎn)品提供形式：

Liquid
應(yīng)用范圍：

ELISA, WB, FC, ICC

推薦稀釋比：

Application	Recommended Dilution
WB	1:1000-1:5000
FC	1:200-1:2000
ICC	1:100-1:1000

Protocols：

ELISA Protocol
Western Blotting (WB) Protocol
Flow cytometry (FC) Protocol
儲存條件：

Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
貨期：

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
用途：

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

產(chǎn)品評價

靶點詳情

功能：

IFN-induced antiviral host restriction factor which efficiently blocks the release of diverse mammalian enveloped viruses by directly tethering nascent virions to the membranes of infected cells. Acts as a direct physical tether, holding virions to the cell membrane and linking virions to each other. The tethered virions can be internalized by endocytosis and subsequently degraded or they can remain on the cell surface. In either case, their spread as cell-free virions is restricted. Its target viruses belong to diverse families, including retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), prototype foamy virus (PFV), Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and murine leukemia virus (MLV), flavivirideae: hepatitis C virus (HCV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), arenaviridae: lassa virus (LASV) and machupo virus (MACV), herpesviridae: kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), rhabdoviridae: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), orthomyxoviridae: influenza A virus, paramyxoviridae: nipah virus, and coronaviridae: SARS-CoV. Can inhibit cell surface proteolytic activity of MMP14 causing decreased activation of MMP15 which results in inhibition of cell growth and migration. Can stimulate signaling by LILRA4/ILT7 and consequently provide negative feedback to the production of IFN by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in response to viral infection. Plays a role in the organization of the subapical actin cytoskeleton in polarized epithelial cells. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are both effective viral restriction factors but have differing antiviral and signaling activities. Isoform 2 is resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-mediated degradation and restricts HIV-1 viral budding in the presence of Vpu. Isoform 1 acts as an activator of NF-kappa-B and this activity is inhibited by isoform 2.
基因功能參考文獻：
1. The primary role of the S(52,56) residues of Vpu in antagonism of CD4, GaLV Env, and BST-2/tetherin is to recruit the SCF/betaTrCP ubiquitin ligase. PMID: 30347660
2. Studied role of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) in gastric cancer (GC); results show BST2 is overexpressed in GC tissues and BST2 silencing inhibits cell proliferation and migration, partly by regulating NF-kappaB signaling. PMID: 29774441
3. The results establish tetherin as a key effector of the intrinsic immune defense against HIV-1, and they demonstrate that Vpu-mediated tetherin antagonism is critical for efficient viral spread during the initial phase of HIV-1 replication. PMID: 29324226
4. findings support the notion that NAbs can induce ADCC. They highlight that while BST2 antagonism by HIV promotes ADCC evasion, strategies aimed at restoring BST2 restriction could improve anti-HIV responses and potentially provide a means to eliminate reactivated cells in latent reservoirs. PMID: 27853288
5. BST2 likely mediates platinum resistance in nasopharyngeal cancer via NF-kappaB signaling PMID: 28617432
6. These data collectively suggest that the human parainfluenza virus type 2 V protein inhibits tetherin expression induced by several external stimuli. PMID: 28455649
7. These results suggest that tetherin antagonism by V proteins is common among the genus Rubulavirus. PMID: 28466381
8. High BST2 expression is associated with Esophageal, Gastric, or Colorectal Cancer. PMID: 26832883
9. Two additional regulators of BST2 constitutive ubiquitylation and sorting to the lysosomes: the E3 ubiquitin ligases NEDD4 and MARCH8, are reported. PMID: 28320822
10. Coimmunoprecipitation studies indicated that non-glycosylated tetherin is stabilized through the formation of a ternary SGTA/Vpu/tetherin complex. Although the results do not provide support for a physiological function of SGTA in HIV-1 replication, they demonstrate that SGTA overexpression regulates tetherin expression and stability, thus providing insights into the function of SGTA in endoplasmic reticulum translocation PMID: 27103333
11. Importantly, the authors demonstrate for the first time that the HIV-2 Env induces NF-kappaB activation in HEKappa293T cells. Furthermore, the anti-BST-2 activity of the HIV-2 Env is not sufficient to completely inhibit NF-kappaB activity. PMID: 29028477
12. Data revealed that under a nutrient deficient condition, CD317 functions as an anti-apoptotic factor through AIF-mediated caspase and autophagy-independent manner. PMID: 27444183
13. findings lead us to believe that BISPR and BST2 may regulate egress of HEV virions into bile in vivo. This system may also be used to scale up virus production in vitro PMID: 29091957
14. a non-canonical autophagy pathway reminiscent of LC3-associated phagocytosis contributes to Vpu counteraction of BST2 restriction. PMID: 27880899
15. Ebola virus GP1,2, the Ebola virus matrix protein VP40, and BST2 are at least additive with respect to the induction of NF-kappaB activity. PMID: 28878074
16. Studied the mechanism of viral budding and tethering mediated by human BST-2/tetherin using a model of BST-2 embedded in a membrane and used steered molecular dynamics to simulate the transition from the host cell membrane associated form to the cell-virus membrane bridging form. PMID: 28779494
17. Disruption of BST-2 dimerization offers a potential therapeutic approach for breast cancer. PMID: 28300825
18. identified WDR81 as a novel gene required for tetherin trafficking and degradation in both the presence and absence of Vpu PMID: 27126989
19. Among 32 HIV-2 ROD Env mutants tested, the authors demonstrated that the asparagine residue at position 659 located in the gp36 ectodomain is mandatory to exert the anti-tetherin function. PMID: 27754450
20. Despite the influence of rs919266 and rs9576 on BST2 expression being still undetermined, a preventive role by BST2 polymorphisms was found during HIV-1 infection. PMID: 26885809
21. The authors demonstrated that BST2 restricts the release of Japanese encephalitis virus whose budding occurs at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, and in turn, Japanese encephalitis virus downregulates BST2 expression via envelope protein E. PMID: 28710958
22. These results suggest that BST2 plays an important role in the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and, because BST2 is expressed on the cell membrane, BST2 is a good therapeutic target for RCC. PMID: 28551621
23. findings show that BST-2 upregulation by IFN-beta and interleukin-27 (IL-27) also increases the surface expression of Env and thus boosts the ability of CD4mc to sensitize HIV-1-infected cells to ADCC by sera from HIV-1-infected individuals. PMID: 28331088
24. study found that tetherin expression on hematopoietic cells resulted in the specific reduction of Moloney murine leukemia virus cell-free plasma viremia but not the number of infected hematopoietic cells PMID: 28381565
25. The authors show that orthobunyaviruses viruses with human tropism (Oropouche virus and La Crosse virus) are restricted by sheep BST-2 but not by the human orthologue, while viruses with ruminant tropism (Schmallenberg virus and others) are restricted by human BST-2 but not by the sheep orthologue. PMID: 28628828
26. Thus, efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 release from infected cells seems to play an important role in the spread of the virus in the human population and requires a fully functional Vpu protein that counteracts human tetherin. PMID: 27531907
27. BST-2 restricts influenza A virus release and is countered by the viral M2 protein. PMID: 28087685
28. IL8 might play an important role in the enhancement of BST2 and be involved in HBsAg eradication. PMID: 28363866
29. Antagonism of BST-2 is a conserved function of the env glycoprotein of primary HIV-2 isolates. PMID: 27681141
30. These data present the first example of an HIV-1 group O Vpu that efficiently antagonizes human tetherin and suggest that counteraction by O-Nefs may be suboptimal. PMID: 28077643
31. This is in contrast to the pandemic HIV-1 group M-specified BST2 countermeasure Vpu. PMID: 27581991
32. The authors show that while the conserved transmembrane-proximal Vpu hinge region residues have no intrinsic activity on the cellular distribution of Vpu in the absence of BST2, they regulate the ability of Vpu to bind to BST2 and, consequently, govern both BST2-dependent trafficking properties of the protein as well as its co-localization with BST2. PMID: 28288652
33. In this study, we addressed this question by analysing sLex expression together with two glycoproteins (BST-2 and LGALS3BP).Concomitant high expression of BST-2 with sLex defined a sub-group of patients with ER-negative tumours displaying higher risks of liver and brain metastasis and a 3-fold decreased survival rate PMID: 27176937
34. Studies demonstrate that the interaction Bst-2 and MT1-MMP, actually happens and the cytoplasmic tails, both the N-terminal domain of Bst-2 and the C-terminal domain of MT1-MMP, play crucial roles in the interaction. The interaction between Bst-2 and MT1-MMP is important in MT1-MMP regulating the tetherin activity of Bst-2 and also in Bst-2 regulating the activity of the MT1-MP/proMMP2/MMP2 pathway. PMID: 27240342
35. BST-2 and HIV-2 Env proteins interact through their ectodomain but residues involved are not clearly defined. In this study, we demonstrated the importance of the asparagine residue at position 659 in the HIV-2 gp36 ectodomain for the anti-tetherin function. This study also demonstrated the involvement of the HIV-2 Env cytoplasmic tail in this antagonistic role. PMID: 27754450
36. results herein demonstrated that IMB-LA could specifically inhibit the degradation of BST-2 induced by Vpu, and impair HIV-1 replication in a BST-2 dependent manner PMID: 26669976
37. BST-2 inhibits the the release of Hepatitis B virus particles. [review] PMID: 27396167
38. Combining these results suggests an important role for the Ebola virus glycoprotein glycan cap and membrane spanning domain in tetherin antagonism. PMID: 26516900
39. BST2 showed significantly elevated plasma levels and overexpression of BST2 in CRC tissues that correlated with poor survival of colorectal cancer patients. PMID: 26494939
40. Human parainfluenza virus type 2 V protein antagonizes tetherin by binding it and reducing its presence at the cell surface. PMID: 26675672
41. studies suggest that Vpu hijacks the FLNa function in the modulation of tetherin to neutralize the antiviral factor tetherin. PMID: 26742839
42. Using viral tethering, amino acid level insights into the function of BST-2 were identified. PMID: 26789136
43. BST-2 restricts Hepatitis B virus production at intracellular multivesicular bodies. PMID: 26119070
44. results shed light on the interaction between HIV-2 Env and tetherin, suggesting a physical interaction that maps to the ectodomains of both proteins and indicating a strong selection pressure to maintain an anti-tetherin activity in the HIV-2 Env PMID: 26248668
45. This study shows that through a targeted regulation of surface BST2, Vpu promotes HIV-1 release and limits plasmacytoid dendritic cells antiviral responses upon sensing of infected cells PMID: 26172439
46. The early evolution of antiviral activity together with the high topology conservation but low sequence homology suggests that restriction of virus release is the primary function of tetherin. PMID: 26401043
47. Our results suggest that CD317 expression might be of prognostic significance for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia PMID: 25973046
48. These findings support BST2 as a genetic susceptibility factor for HIV-1 acquisition by identifying a novel single nucleotide polymorphism association for rs13189798. PMID: 25985399
49. Vpu-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 release is uncoupled from Vpu-mediated tetherin degradation. PMID: 25360760
50. Our study suggests that the DNA methylation pattern and expression of BST-2 may play a role in disease pathogenesis and could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. PMID: 25860442
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亞細(xì)胞定位：

Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Membrane raft. Cytoplasm. Apical cell membrane.
蛋白家族：

Tetherin family
組織特異性：

Predominantly expressed in liver, lung, heart and placenta. Lower levels in pancreas, kidney, skeletal muscle and brain. Overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells. Highly expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B precursors to plasma cells. Highly exp
數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接：

HGNC: 1119

OMIM: 600534

KEGG: hsa:684

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000252593

UniGene: Hs.118110

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