PNPLA2 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

說明書

中文名稱：

PNPLA2重組抗體
貨號：

CSB-RA111385A0HU
規(guī)格：

￥1320
圖片：
Overlay Peak curve showing HepG2 cells stained with CSB-RA111385A0HU (red line) at 1:50. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and permeated by 0.2% TritonX-100. Then 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (1μg/1*10⁶cells) for 45min at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was FITC-conjugated Goat Anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) at 1:200 dilution for 35min at 4℃.Control antibody (green line) was rabbit IgG (1μg/1*10⁶cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.
其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情
產(chǎn)品評價
相關(guān)產(chǎn)品
靶點詳情

產(chǎn)品詳情

產(chǎn)品描述：

CSB-RA111385A0HU PNPLA2重組單克隆抗體是針對脂滴代謝關(guān)鍵調(diào)控因子PNPLA2（Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2）開發(fā)的高特異性科研工具。該靶點作為細胞內(nèi)甘油三酯水解的限速酶，在脂質(zhì)儲存與能量平衡調(diào)控中發(fā)揮核心作用。本抗體采用重組表達技術(shù)制備，通過抗原親和純化獲得高純度制品，經(jīng)ELISA與流式細胞術(shù)（FC）雙重驗證，可精準識別天然構(gòu)象的PNPLA2蛋白，F(xiàn)C應(yīng)用推薦使用1:50-1:200稀釋比例。嚴格的批間質(zhì)控確保實驗結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性和可重復(fù)性，適用于脂肪細胞分化研究、代謝性疾病模型中的蛋白表達水平檢測，以及脂滴動態(tài)變化相關(guān)的細胞生物學(xué)實驗。該產(chǎn)品可配合體外培養(yǎng)細胞或組織樣本，為研究肥胖、非酒精性脂肪肝等代謝異常機制提供可靠檢測工具，特別適用于需要定量分析細胞群體中PNPLA2表達差異的流式檢測體系。
Uniprot No.：

Q96AD5
基因名：

PNPLA2
別名：

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (EC 3.1.1.3) (Adipose triglyceride lipase) (Calcium-independent phospholipase A2) (Desnutrin) (IPLA2-zeta) (Pigment epithelium-derived factor) (TTS2.2) (Transport-secretion protein 2) (TTS2), PNPLA2, ATGL
反應(yīng)種屬：

Human
免疫原：

A synthesized peptide derived from Human PNPLA2
免疫原種屬：

Homo sapiens (Human)
標記方式：

Non-conjugated
克隆類型：

Monoclonal
抗體亞型：

Rabbit IgG
純化方式：

Affinity-chromatography
克隆號：

1H6
濃度：

It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
保存緩沖液：

Rabbit IgG in 10mM phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
產(chǎn)品提供形式：

Liquid
應(yīng)用范圍：

ELISA, FC

推薦稀釋比：

Application	Recommended Dilution
FC	1:50-1:200

Protocols：

ELISA Protocol
Flow cytometry (FC) Protocol
儲存條件：

Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
貨期：

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
用途：

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

產(chǎn)品評價

靶點詳情

功能：

Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets. Exhibits a strong preference for the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Also has acylglycerol transacylase activity. Acts coordinately with LIPE/HLS and DGAT2 within the lipolytic cascade. Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3-diacylglycerol from triglycerides. Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes. May play an important role in energy homeostasis. May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion.
基因功能參考文獻：
1. No difference in the genotype frequency of rs7925131 or rs7942159 in PNPLA2 between the normal free fatty acids (FFA) group and the high FFA group in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 29072982
2. Non-cardiac ATGL-mediated modulation of the cardiac lipidome may play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure. PMID: 29320510
3. Although we found evidence for moderate association between PNPLA2 tagSNPs and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in our cohort, no evidence for association between polymorphisms in the PNPLA2 gene and the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was identified. PMID: 26500201
4. Study reports the derivation of iPSCs from fibroblasts of two Neutral Lipid Storage Disease with Myopathy (NLSDM)patients carrying different ATGL mutations. These iPSCs exhibited defects in neutral lipid metabolism similar to those of NLSDM fibroblasts. NLSDM-iPSCs were able to undergo directed differentiation into cardiomyocytes. PMID: 28391974
5. Thus, ATGL in leucocytes may be an important biomarker for the diagnosis of TGCV and our assay may provide insights into pathophysiology and elucidate the underlying mechanism of TGCV and related disorders. PMID: 29146190
6. The ATGL gene was frequently deleted in various forms of human cancers and was associated with poor prognosis. PMID: 27213586
7. a Snail1-ATGL axis that regulates adipose lipolysis and fatty acid release, is reported. PMID: 27851965
8. ABHD5 possesses a PNPLA2-independent function in regulating autophagy and tumorigenesis. PMID: 27559856
9. Oxidative stress decreased the levels of PNPLA2 transcripts with no effect on ALOX5 expression. Exogenous additions of P1 peptide or overexpression of the PNPLA2 gene decreased both LTB4 levels and death of RPE cells undergoing oxidative stress. PMID: 27635633
10. Results suggest that increased adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) expression is associated with increased adiposity and stromal proliferation in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PMID: 28179319
11. A missense mutation in PNPLA2 is the rare cause of severe dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to neutral lipid storage disease. PMID: 26922712
12. A novel deletion was identified in PNPLA2 protein from a patient with complete deficiency of adipose triglyceride lipase. PMID: 26803235
13. Rab32 controls intracellular lipid accumulation through inducing lipolysis via enhancing ATGL expression indirectly. PMID: 26882978
14. Data indicate that a tumor suppressor mechanism by which G0/G1 switch gene 2 product (G0S2) directly inhibits activity of a key intracellular adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). PMID: 26318046
15. Authors show that rat ATGL, coactivated by rat CGI-58, efficiently hydrolyzes triglycerides and retinyl ester. PMID: 26330055
16. PNPLA2 mutations were associated with an extended phenotype, including brain involvement in cases of neutral lipid-storage disease with myopathy. PMID: 26600210
17. Distinct cardiac phenotype between two homozygotes born in a village with accumulation of a genetic deficiency of adipose triglyceride lipase. PMID: 25985012
18. Study reports the clinical and genetic findings of a neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy family of Italian origin with 3 affected siblings. to highlight the effect that different gene mutations may have on ATGL lipase activity, authors performed a functional characterization of the novel PNPLA2 missense mutations identified in their patients PMID: 25956450
19. PLIN5 was significantly colocated with ATGL, mitochondria and CGI-58, indicating a close association between the key lipolytic effectors in resting skeletal muscle. PMID: 25054327
20. PEDF receptor is a transmembrane phospholipase that is required for the survival and antiapoptotic effects of PEDF on retina cells. It has determinants for PEDF binding within its L4 ectodomain that are critical for enzymatic stimulation. PMID: 23818523
21. Data suggest that PNPLA2 hydrolyzes arachidonic acid from triglycerides in mast cell (MC) lipid droplets; PNPLA2 appears to regulate substrate availability of AA for eicosanoid (PGD2/LTC4) generation/secretion upon MC activation with IgE. PMID: 25114172
22. Data suggest that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) may serve as therapeutic targets for managing vascular hyperpermeability in sepsis. PMID: 25700221
23. Results indicate that the serum adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) level may be closely related to obesity. PMID: 25177954
24. Data indicate that the peptide corresponding to residues Lys-20 to Ala-52 from G0S2 Inhibits ATGL in the nanomolar range. PMID: 25258314
25. Data indicate that fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27) increases the inhibitory effect of transcription factor Egr1 on the adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) promoter. PMID: 24742676
26. The pathophysiological impact due to defective lipolysis by ATGL deficiency on mitochondrial dysfunction. [Review] PMID: 23827855
27. our results suggest that inhibition of the major lipolytic enzymes ATGL and HSL by long-chain acyl-CoAs could represent an effective feedback mechanism controlling lipolysis PMID: 24440819
28. In patients with TGCV, even when hydrolysis of intracellular TG is defective, the marked up-regulation of PPARgamma and related genes may lead to increased uptake of LCFAs, the substrates for TG synthesis. PMID: 24332944
29. In humans, ATGL has a remarkable effect on cellular lipid droplet handling, and its lack causes both perivisceral, skeletal muscle, and pancreas fat accumulation; in contrast, the impact on whole-body insulin sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism is minor PMID: 23824421
30. Data indicate that PNPLA2 mutations in neutral lipid storage sisease with myopathy (NLSD with myopathy). PMID: 23232698
31. Contribution of novel ATGL missense mutations to the clinical phenotype of NLSD-M: a strikingly low amount of lipase activity may preserve cardiac function. PMID: 22990388
32. PNPLA2 gene mutations are responsible for neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy in Chinese Han patients. PMID: 22832386
33. UBXD8-mediated recruitment of p97/VCP to LDs increases lipid droplet (LD) size by inhibiting the activity of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the rate-limiting enzyme in triacylglycerol hydrolysis. PMID: 23297223
34. These data suggest that elevated levels of ATGL are involved in the exercise-induced enhancement of lipolysis in primary adipocytes. PMID: 22815850
35. The results demonstrated that adipose triglyceride lipase Ser(404) phosphorylation is not increased in mixed skeletal muscle during moderate-intensity exercise and that AMPK does not appear to be an activating kinase for ATGL Ser(404) in skeletal muscle. PMID: 22713505
36. Reduced mRNA and protein content of Plin and G0S2 and borderline increased ATGL protein in sc adipose tissue from poorly controlled type 2 diabetic subjects. PMID: 22535977
37. Resveratrol increased adipose triglyceride lipase gene and protein expressions, an effect that was not observed for hormone-sensitive lipase in human SGBS adipocytes. PMID: 21543206
38. We have mapped the epitope of the antibody that detects PEDF-R to the coding region of exon 4. PMID: 22183409
39. Four novel and two previously reported mutations were detected, affecting different parts of the PNPLA2 gene in 6 patients with neutral lipid storage disease PMID: 21544567
40. the C terminus sequesters ABHD5 and thus inhibits basal ATGL activity PMID: 21757733
41. GBF1 and ATGL interact directly and in cells, through multiple contact sites on each protein. PMID: 21789191
42. ATGL knockdown increased monocyte adhesion to the endothelium through enhanced TNFalpha-induced ICAM-1 expression via activation of NFkappaB and PKC. PMID: 21828047
43. findings are compatible with the notion that the ATGL-G0S2 complex is an important long-term regulator of lipolysis under physiological conditions such as fasting in humans PMID: 21613358
44. The results suggest a molecular pathway by which PEDF ligand/receptor interactions on the cell surface could generate a cellular signal. PMID: 20237999
45. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) levels were inversely correlated with body mass index and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity index. In muscle, ATGL mRNA had a strong positive relationship with carnitine palmitoyltransferase I mRNA. PMID: 21129760
46. total lipase, ATGL and HSL activities were higher in visceral white adipose tissue of cancer patients compared with individuals without cancer and higher in cancer patients with cachexia compared with cancer patients without cachexia PMID: 21680814
47. Data indicate that altered ATGL and HSL expression in skeletal muscle could promote DAG accumulation and disrupt insulin signaling and action. PMID: 21498783
48. interaction of ATGL with CGI-58 increased lipolysis, whereas interaction of ATGL with perilipin 5 decreased lipolysis. PMID: 21393244
49. 1 out of 13 healthy individuals carried at least one rare mutation of PNPLA2. PMID: 21170305
50. variants within PNPLA2 may modulate the TG component of the familial combined hyperlipidemia trait, thus implicating PNPLA2 as modifier gene in this lipid disorder PMID: 20832801
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相關(guān)疾病：

Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy (NLSDM)
亞細胞定位：

Lipid droplet. Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.
組織特異性：

Highest expression in adipose tissue. Also detected in heart, skeletal muscle, and portions of the gastrointestinal tract. Detected in normal retina and retinoblastoma cells. Detected in retinal pigment epithelium and, at lower intensity, in the inner seg
數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接：

HGNC: 30802

OMIM: 609059

KEGG: hsa:57104

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000337701

UniGene: Hs.654697

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