Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+ T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for CD4.; Isoform 1 may act as a scaffolding protein that anchors ion channels in the membrane.; Isoform 2 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene. May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA-binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus maintaining transcriptional repression and blocking cell cycle progression in resting T-cells.

1. The production of IL-16 contributed to lung damage as neutralization of IL-16 enhanced S. aureus clearance and resulted in diminished lung pathology in S. aureus pneumonia. PMID: 24736233
2. Data indicate that knockdown of translocator protein TSPO by siRNAhad showed no effect on the productions of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. PMID: 25200148
3. Interleukin-16 promotes cardiac fibrosis and myocardial stiffening in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. PMID: 23894370
4. Data show overexpression of pro-IL-16 impaired resting B cell proliferation mediated through regulating nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation, and siRNA knock-down of pro-IL-16 expression decreased the level of p27(kip) and increased the level of Skp2. PMID: 23297678
5. We determined that ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice have an increase in systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, and that serum or BAL fluid stimulation of bronchial epithelial cells results in production of IL-16 PMID: 12594062
6. IL-16 induces a greater migratory response in the Th1 cell subset than in the Th2 subset. PMID: 14607889
7. interleukin-16 and its precursor have roles in T lymphocyte activation and growth [review] PMID: 15253385
8. IL-16 precursor mRNA and protein expression are dynamically regulated during CD4+ T cell activation by a calcineurin-dependent mechanism; pro-IL-16 may influence T cell cycle regulation, although not in a dominant manner. PMID: 15728482
9. Caspase-3 mediated production of IL-16 by infiltrating CD4+ T cells, contributes to ongoing neuroinflammation by chemoattraction of additional waves of CD4+ T cells. PMID: 16271292
10. After femoral artery ligation, CD8+ T cells infiltrate the site of collateral vessel growth and recruit CD4+ mononuclear cells through the expression of IL-16 PMID: 16380545
11. Inactivation of IL-16 by antibody therapy or IL-16 deficiency prevented ischemia-reperfusion injury of the kidney, as shown by reduced levels of serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen. PMID: 18004294
12. Generation of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is independent of IL-16 PMID: 19232499
13. CD4-positive T cells are specifically recruited to the lung in a dendritic cell-independent but IL-16-dependent process and diminish neutrophil recruitment through increased IL-10 production. PMID: 19641139

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Secreted.; [Isoform 1]: Cytoplasm. Note=Colocalizes with GRIN2C in neuronal cell bodies and neurites.; [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Isoform 1 is expressed in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus. Isoform 2 is expressed in thymus, spleen and lung.

KEGG: mmu:16170

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000001792

UniGene: Mm.10137