Type II interferon produced by immune cells such as T-cells and NK cells that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation. Primarily signals through the JAK-STAT pathway after interaction with its receptor IFNGR1 to affect gene regulation. Upon IFNG binding, IFNGR1 intracellular domain opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1 and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation and transcription of IFNG-regulated genes. Many of the induced genes are transcription factors such as IRF1 that are able to further drive regulation of a next wave of transcription. Plays a role in class I antigen presentation pathway by inducing a replacement of catalytic proteasome subunits with immunoproteasome subunits. In turn, increases the quantity, quality, and repertoire of peptides for class I MHC loading. Increases the efficiency of peptide generation also by inducing the expression of activator PA28 that associates with the proteasome and alters its proteolytic cleavage preference. Up-regulates as well MHC II complexes on the cell surface by promoting expression of several key molecules such as cathepsins B/CTSB, H/CTSH, and L/CTSL. Participates in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells during development and under homeostatic conditions by affecting their development, quiescence, and differentiation.

1. IL-17A gene transcription level was positively correlated with mRNA expression for iNOS and IFN-gamma PMID: 26590047
2. In dogs with leishmaniasis, there was high expression of interferon gamma in lymph nodes. PMID: 21511273
3. These findings suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids are able to influence proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy and atopic dogs but do not seem to influence cytokine transcription. PMID: 20187917

Secreted.

Type II (or gamma) interferon family

Released primarily from activated T lymphocytes.

KEGG: cfa:403801

STRING: 9615.ENSCAFP00000000588

UniGene: Cfa.3900