S100B是一種神經(jīng)元特異性蛋白質(zhì)，在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育和功能調(diào)節(jié)中具有重要作用。最新研究表明，S100B還可以通過其他途徑參與多種生理和病理過程。例如，S100B可以作為一種重要的腫瘤標(biāo)志物，在腫瘤的診斷和治療中具有潛在應(yīng)用價值。此外，S100B還被發(fā)現(xiàn)可以參與神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展，如中風(fēng)和帕金森病等。

Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer. Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites. Binds to and initiates the activation of STK38 by releasing autoinhibitory intramolecular interactions within the kinase. Interaction with AGER after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling. Could assist ATAD3A cytoplasmic processing, preventing aggregation and favoring mitochondrial localization. May mediate calcium-dependent regulation on many physiological processes by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and modulating their activity.

1. These data indicated that S100B is a novel regulator for vascular remodeling following injury and may serve as a potential biomarker for vascular damage or drug target for treating proliferative vascular diseases. PMID: 28693920
2. astrocytes in the medial prefrontal cortex participate in cognitive flexibility through the astrocyte-specific Ca2+ binding protein S100beta, which improves cognitive flexibility and increases phase amplitude coupling between theta and gamma oscillations PMID: 29664924
3. Study have demonstrated that S100beta-positive parenchymal stem/progenitor cell (PS)-clusters exhibit high proliferation activity and differentiate into cells positive for non-endocrine cell lineage markers in addition to endocrine cells depending on the culture conditions, whereas S100beta-negative PS-clusters show low proliferation and differentiation activity. PMID: 29684040
4. The Astrocytic S100B Protein with Its Receptor RAGE Is Aberrantly Expressed in SOD1(G93A) Models, and Its Inhibition Decreases the Expression of Proinflammatory Genes PMID: 28713206
5. Expression and localization of FOXJ1 in S100beta-positive multiciliated cells of the rat pituitary has been described. PMID: 27660208
6. the RAGE pathway may play a possible role in malignant transformation of mesenchymal stem cells, and this process may be mediated through S100B PMID: 29050939
7. These results imply that age-related AGE-albumin accumulation, S100beta, and RAGE expression are more prominent in visceral than in subcutaneous fat, suggesting that visceral fat is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation-induced diseases in the elderly. PMID: 27301641
8. S100beta-positive cells of extrapituitary origin invade the anterior lobe, undergoing proliferation and diverse transformation during pituitary organogenesis. PMID: 27695124
9. Vesicle internalization likely mitigates the toxic effects of extracellular S100B and other waste products PMID: 27488079
10. Maternal exposure to mercury results in increased S100B in the placenta. Zinc sulfate feeding could reduce S100B and mercury levels, thereby protecting the rats from mercury damage. S100B level may be used to measure the antagonism between zinc and mercury during pregnancy. PMID: 27928847
11. Findings indicate that S100B regulates neuronal and endothelial dependent cerebral arteriolar dilation and suggest that this phenomenon is mediated through receptor for advanced glycation endproducts-associated pathways. PMID: 26773687
12. Gene expression of S100B in hippocampus is slightly increased in a model of traumatic brain injury. PMID: 25898931
13. These results suggest that the SOX10-S100B signaling axis critically regulates Schwann cell proliferation and myelination, and therefore is a putative therapeutic target for neuronal disorders. PMID: 25536222
14. S100beta-positive cells cultured from the anterior lobe are capable of developing into hormone-producing cells. PMID: 24842050
15. CXCL10 produced by a subpopulation of S100beta-positive cells probably exerts an autocrine/paracrine effect on S100beta-positive cells. PMID: 24770897
16. This result suggested that S100B/RAGE interactions may be involved in the development and maintenance of depression and may play an important role in the mechanism of antidepressants' therapeutic action. PMID: 21614209
17. S100beta-positive dendritic-like cells can sense an increase in extracellular protons via GPR68 and respond by the production of IL-6 in order to suppress the up-regulation of Pomc expression. PMID: 25129106
18. S100beta is released by astrocytes into the extracellular compartment during the first 24 h after the spinal cord injury and represents a useful biomarker of lesion PMID: 24766228
19. Cinnamon polyphenols enhanced the intracellular expression and the extracellular secretion of S100beta in rat C6 cells. PMID: 24239092
20. By inhibiting S100B activation, tetrandrine prevented chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. PMID: 23561481
21. Levels of serum S100B protein correlate well with amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity and can be used as a biomarker for predicting toxic cardiovascular effects of amitriptyline. PMID: 22052576
22. The present study demonstrated that S100B-positive astrocytes are more prominent than GFAP-positive astrocytes in both the ventroposterior thalamus and the lateral habenula at PD 7 and the later life. PMID: 22627026
23. There was an increase in S100B levels in the cerebrospinal fluid from the non-trained diabetic group (P< 0.01) and no such increase was found in the trained diabetic group. PMID: 21892662
24. Data suggest that S100B secretion in brain tissue is stimulated rapidly and persistently (for at least 24 h) by ICV LPS administration. PMID: 21970823
25. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that S-100 protein-positive cells are capable of differentiating into hormone-producing cells in the adult rat pituitary gland. PMID: 21830043
26. Serum levels of S100B, S100A6 and S100P are associated with acute coronary syndrome, and serum levels and myocardial expression of these proteins are related to infarct size. PMID: 21663912
27. Significant increases in serum S100B levels were observed in two models of depression, olfactory bulbectomy and chronic psychological stress. PMID: 20728493
28. our results have shown that binding activity of p53 is associated with the regulation of S100B gene during long term potentiation PMID: 21546003
29. Myoblasts downregulate S100B expression once transferred from proliferation medium to differentiation medium via a p38 MAPK-driven transcriptional mechanism. PMID: 21130124
30. The major metabolites accumulating in glutaric acidemia type I activate S100B secretion in astroglial cells, indicating activation of these cells. PMID: 20437086
31. S100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression increased significantly in the hippocampal astrocytes of rats with Alzheimer disease, and were inhibited by butylphthalide. PMID: 19726345
32. Incubation of rat cortical slices in a medium not containing oxygen and glucose (oxygen-glucose deprivation) caused an increase in the release of S100B PMID: 19823932
33. time-dependent expression of S100beta is obvious following diffuse brain injury PMID: 16524173
34. The level of S100B expression increased 2-4-fold during long-term posttetanic potentiation in the hippocampus. PMID: 20027335
35. Intracellular S100B might modulate myoblast differentiation by interfering with MyoD expression in an NF-kappaB-dependent manner. PMID: 20069545
36. interaction of RAGE and its ligand S100B after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53 signaling. PMID: 19910580
37. Brain parenchymatous pituicytes could be stained with antibodies against both GFAP and S100beta, whereas the fibrous pituicytes were only S100beta-immunoreactive. The functional significance of this cell type specificity remains to be elucidated. PMID: 19559073
38. enhanced astrocytic synthesis of s-100beta in the periinfarct area precedes delayed infarct expansion. PMID: 12045670
39. High glutamate decreases S100B secretion stimulated by serum deprivation in astrocytes. PMID: 12218700
40. the major cytoplasmic S100B target protein in different glial cell lines in the presence of Zn(2+) and Ca(2+) is IQGAP1 PMID: 12377780
41. role in synaptic and neuronal plasticity PMID: 12428274
42. S100B increased in several newborn rat brain regions between second and fourth postnatal weeks. However,cerebrospinal fluid S100B decreased after the critical period for synaptogenesis. PMID: 12469878
43. S100B increase is induced by hemorrhagic shock and is associated with the severity of shock. PMID: 12744484
44. Addition of non-ionic detergent allowed whole capping protein to bind weakly to S100B, so the alpha-subunit C terminus can be mobilized from the surface of the capping protein molecule, by weakening the hydrophobic binding at the contact site. PMID: 14736868
45. S100B increased the activity of both purified and cytoskeletal calcineurin in a Ca-dependent manner. This effect was blocked by a specific inhibitor of calcineurin activity, but not by TRTK-12 (an inhibitor of S100B binding to other protein targets). PMID: 15076760
46. Reactive astrocytes may exert paracrine trophic actions through S100beta and FGF-2 in the midbrain dopamine ascending pathways after striatal 6-OHDA treatment. PMID: 15566955
47. CSF S100B could be proposed as an index of efficacy of ketogenic diet for seizure disorders. PMID: 15567475
48. might promote cell proliferation and interfere with NGF-induced PC12 cell differentiation by stimulating a p21WAF1/cyclin D1/cdk4/Rb/E2F pathway in an Akt-mediated manner PMID: 15572370
49. Strain injury caused immediate release of S100-beta with further release by 24 and 48 hours. PMID: 15584905
50. changes in the S100beta and bFGF immunoreactivities after a partial lesion of the rat midbrain ascending dopamine pathways induced by intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). PMID: 15809219

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Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

S-100 family

Although predominant among the water-soluble brain proteins, S100 is also found in a variety of other tissues.

KEGG: rno:25742

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000001743

UniGene: Rn.8937