PLG在心血管疾病的研究中也備受關(guān)注，PLG參與了血管生成、動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的形成、心肌損傷后修復(fù)等多個(gè)生理和病理過程。

Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells.; Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo.

1. These studies suggest a crucial role for peripheral PL in mediating neuroimmune cell activation and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and could provide a link to systemic inflammatory risk factors that are known to be associated with AD development. PMID: 30254165
2. Variation in blood plasminogen levels, within the range seen in normal individuals, had marked effects on experimental ischemic brain injury PMID: 27319402
3. plasmin protease activity prevents dystrophic calcification within injured skeletal muscle independent of its canonical fibrinolytic function. PMID: 27530373
4. Plasminogen-deficient mice have extensive fibrin and neutrophil depositions in the wounded area long after re-epithelialisation, indicating inefficient debridement and chronic inflammation. Delayed formation of granulation tissue suggests that fibroblast function is impaired in the absence of plasminogen. PMID: 26791370
5. findings identify plasmin as a decisive checkpoint in the inflammatory response during Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and a potential novel therapeutic target for MAS. PMID: 28325863
6. Deficiency of plasminogen delays onset of autoimmune neuroinflammatory disease and protects from the development of paralysis. PMID: 28275164
7. Plasminogen may regulate DPP-4 activity and glucose metabolism. PMID: 27592166
8. Plasminogen-deficient mice frequently develop colon lesions and rectal prolapses. PMID: 26473342
9. manganese transport protein C (MntC) is an extracellular matrix- and plasminogen-binding protein PMID: 25409527
10. Plg from mouse plasma contains oxPtdPC adducts that are not affected by the action of Lp-PLA(2), suggesting that linkage to Plg protects oxPtdPCs from metabolism during their transport in the plasma. PMID: 21614211
11. plasminogen-dependent proteolysis has a beneficial effect during neurological recovery after stroke. PMID: 24732409
12. Pla-induced mononuclear cell recruitment in vivo was dependent on protease-activated receptor-1 activation of the MEK/ERK/NF-kappaB pathway, which led to the release of CCL2 and activation of CCR2. PMID: 25165151
13. Plg may play an important role in innate immunity by changing expression of genes that contribute to phagocytosis. PMID: 24876560
14. Plasminogen is a key molecular determinant of inflammatory joint disease capable of simultaneously driving or ameliorating arthritis pathogenesis in distinct anatomic locations in the same subject. PMID: 24574269
15. Plasmin suppresses brain metastasis in two ways: by converting membrane-bound astrocytic FasL into a paracrine death signal for cancer cells, and by inactivating the axon pathfinding molecule L1CAM, which metastatic cells express for spreading along brain capillaries and for metastatic outgrowth. PMID: 24581498
16. Plasminogen stimulates autocrine cytokine production in human airway smooth muscle cells in a manner mediated by plasmin and annexin A2. PMID: 23721211
17. plasminogen contributes to angiogenesis related to macrophage accumulation, TGF-beta, and VEGF, thereby leading to the enhancement of bone repair. PMID: 23456978
18. These findings highlight a critical role for plasmin in the catabolism of aggregated LDL by macrophages and provide a new context for considering the atherogenic role of plasmin. PMID: 23702659
19. Gender affects skin wound healing in plasminogen deficient mice. PMID: 23527289
20. The increased plasmin generation during the early stages of sepsis could cleave/inactivate TFPI and thus lead to thrombotic complications. PMID: 23106863
21. Macrophage gene expression and foam cell formation are regulated by plasminogen. PMID: 23401155
22. These results demonstrate the novel requirement of a-enolase for restoring homeostasis of injured muscle tissue, by controlling the pericellular localization of plasmin activity. PMID: 23239981
23. In summary, these data indicate that plasmin-driven fibrinolysis facilitates tumor growth by maintaining patency of the tumor vasculature. PMID: 22815383
24. Plasmin is essential in preventing periodontitis in mice PMID: 21704601
25. found that male Plg knockout mice, but not their female counterparts, exhibited normochromic normocytic anemia PMID: 22056679
26. Dengue virus (DENV)-immunized mouse sera demonstrates antibody binding to both DENV and Plg when compared with nonimmune control mouse serum. PMID: 22079981
27. Plasmin plays an essential role in amplification of psoriasiform skin inflammation. PMID: 21311769
28. in endothelial cells, plasmin specifically induces activation of conventional PKC, which phosphorylates serine 11 and serine 25 of A2, triggering dissociation of the (A2.p11)(2) tetramer. PMID: 21115493
29. Plasminogen is highly expressed in specific populations of hippocampal, cortical, and hypothalamic neurons, and plasminogen-containing vesicles are mainly observed at neuronal somata. PMID: 21190118
30. Plasminogen/plasmin modulates bone metabolism by regulating the osteoblast and osteoclast function. PMID: 21239499
31. analysis of the generation and characterization of mice expressing a plasmin-inactivating active site mutation PMID: 20653841
32. Data show that upon binding of plasminogen to neurons, plasmin formed by constitutively expressed tissue plasminogen activator degrades extracellular matrix proteins, leading to retraction of the neuron monolayer that detaches from the matrix. PMID: 19683575
33. The role of Plg and alpha2-AP in vascular thrombolysis was studied in mice lacking Plg or a2-AP. Lack of Plg reduces the antithrombotic activities in vivo, but alpha2-AP plays a more important role in the formation/removal of venous thrombi. PMID: 11848464
34. RT-PCR and In Situ Hybridization study of tissue distribution of Plg mRNA in adrenal, kidney, brain, testis, heart, lung, uterus, spleen, thymus and gut PMID: 11916082
35. Plasmin activity is required for myogenesis in vitro and skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo. PMID: 11929773
36. important role in adipose tissue accumulation associated with growth and differentiation of stromal cells PMID: 12083480
37. These results indicate the presence of regulatory elements in the 5'-flanking region of the murine plasminogen promoter that may regulate murine plasminogen gene expression and, hence, plasmin activity. PMID: 12149246
38. Plg mRNA was undetectable in the normal brain, but after kainate injection it was induced in neuronal cells in multiple, but specific areas. This distribution pattern coincided with that of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 mRNA. PMID: 12225871
39. role of pCPB as a modulator of the pivotal functions of plasminogen in fibrinolysis and cell migration in vivo. PMID: 12417566
40. Significantly greater retention of PMNs within the thrombi of PG(-/-) mice provided potential for more PMN derived fibrinolytic enzymes and a relatively greater role for PMNs-initiated fibrinolysis and differently cleaved fibrinogen degradation products. PMID: 12428098
41. plasminogen directs the hepatocyte injury induced by transgene-derived urokinase-type plasminogen activator and mediates the reparative properties of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in the liver PMID: 12431907
42. plasminogen mRNA from hepatocyte is dependent on the cell density and the stimulation by cell-cell contact may be an important factor for the constitutive expression of plasminogen gene PMID: 12559391
43. Results demonstrate that the combination of matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen is essential for the proper development of the placenta. PMID: 12900459
44. plasmin has a role as an intracellular protease PMID: 12928439
45. When uPA and uPAR transgenic mice were backcrossed into a plasminogen-deficient (Plg-/-) background, the dental and skin phenotypes appeared completely normal. PMID: 15161662
46. Corneal angiogenesis is dependent on Plg. PMID: 15166500
47. Plasminogen is bound to the cell surface by histidine-rich glycoprotein PMID: 15220341
48. Plasminogen exerts a marked influence on both neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage recruitment to implanted biomaterials. PMID: 15456492
49. Plg/Pla stimulates c-fos and egr-1 expression via activation of the MEK/ERK pathway PMID: 15721299
50. Our results suggest that plasmin-mediated cell detachment could contribute to the pathological effects of Abeta in diseased brain. PMID: 15737740

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Secreted.

Peptidase S1 family, Plasminogen subfamily

KEGG: mmu:18815

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000014578

UniGene: Mm.971