AMBP（α1-酸性糖蛋白）是一種糖蛋白，主要存在于血漿中。最新的研究表明，AMBP在許多生理和病理過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用，包括免疫反應(yīng)、腫瘤發(fā)生和心血管疾病等。研究者們正在努力探索AMBP的作用機制，以期為相關(guān)疾病的治療提供新的思路和方法。

Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc. Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma. Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner. The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood. The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium. Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli. Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin.

1. relatively low serum concentrations of albumin may be an independent risk factor for Mild cognitive impairment in elderly. PMID: 30249938
2. Albumin-globulin ratio in combination with CEA provides a more accurate indicator of poor prognosis and early recurrence in rectal carcinoma patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. PMID: 29996133
3. Patients with steroid-refractory GI Acute graft versus host disease had higher fecal calprotectin levels and lower albumin levels than patients with steroid-responsive disease. PMID: 29397331
4. Lower serum albumin concentrations in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension are associated with higher mortality and can serve as a marker of disease severity in this patient population. PMID: 29604093
5. This meta-analysis suggests that C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR)may be a potential prognostic marker in solid cancers PMID: 28128229
6. Thiol/Disuldife homeostasis balance and ischemia-modified albumin levels may be used a biomarker to monitor the tissue ischemia in diabetic mellitus and to discriminate the different stages of diabetic retinopathy. PMID: 29298534
7. mitochondrial dysfunction activates the PINK1/Parkin signaling and mitophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells under albumin overload condition. PMID: 29494565
8. Serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in addition to the prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) were significantly increased in the pre-eclampsia group. Cord blood IMA, therefore, might be a predictive biomarker for SGA in pre-eclampsia pregnancies. PMID: 29570915
9. By using the fluorescence activatable nanosensor as the structural indicator, the stepwise conformational transitions of HSA during denaturing and the partial refolding of subdomain IIA of HSA were facilely visualized. PMID: 27232658
10. Serum albumin adduct features were both positively and negatively associated with smoking, indicating that some adducts arise from reactions between Cys34 and constituents of cigarette smoke (e.g., ethylene oxide and acrylonitrile) while others (Cys34 oxidation products and disulfides) appear to reflect alterations in the serum redox state that resulted in reduced adduct levels in smokers. PMID: 27684351
11. the increased lipophilicity of sulphur-containing compounds might be a reason for their better binding to HSA. PMID: 29128746
12. hese obtained results provide an in-depth understanding of the interaction of the acid azo dye AO10 with serum albumins. PMID: 29126006
13. A higher preoperative serum ALB level is associated with better long-term survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. PMID: 29672305
14. the presence of hydroxyl groups is capable of modulating the interaction between riparins and HSA. PMID: 28915468
15. Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies on the interaction of human serum albumin with copper(II) complexes. PMID: 27792986
16. aberrant HSA may play a role in the initiation/progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 29051099
17. Results show that albumin from chronic hemodialyzed (CH) patients is highly modified in vivo and is not vulnerable to oxidation in the same way as normal albumin. PMID: 29554100
18. These results indicate that low serum albumin levels correlate with increased parameter measures of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness, in addition to their role as a monitor of systemic inflammation. Decreased serum albumin might have a role in HCC aggressiveness. PMID: 28862714
19. The hypothesis put forward that human serum albumin is a modulator and transporter of cannabinoid drugs. PMID: 28976704
20. CRP/albumin ratio is a novel but promising, easy-to-measure, repeatable, non-invasive inflammation-based prognostic score in acute pancreatitis. PMID: 28823374
21. homodimerization is a novel described structural alteration of the HA molecule in decompensated cirrhosis and contributes to the progressive reduction of the monomeric native HA, the only isoform provided of structural and functional integrity PMID: 27782157
22. Low serum albumin concentration worsens prognosis of patients with stable coronary heart disease. PMID: 28413113
23. Human serum albumin binds to Cu(I) at pH 7.4 with an apparent conditional affinity of KCu(I):serum albumin = 10(14.0) using digonal coordination in a structure that is similar to the bis-His coordination modes characterized for amyloid beta (Abeta) and the prion protein. PMID: 29166002
24. C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), an inflammation-based prognostic score, is a potential independent predictor for disease progression and death in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 27823974
25. these peptides are identified as fragments of albumin. The isolated fragments activate MRGPRX2 and degranulate MRGPRX2 expressing LAD 2 cells in dose-dependent manner. The isolated basic peptides generated from human albumin are able to degranulate mast cells via the MRGPRX2. PMID: 28844982
26. use of EPI-X4, a fragment of serum albumin, as a urinary biomarker for late acute GvHD was shown to be not meaningful in case control studies PMID: 27042833
27. serum ALB level may be more useful than the degree of fibrosis for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological responses in chronic hepatitis C. PMID: 29040987
28. Increased Ischemia-modified albumin levels and Carotid intima-media thickness may be related to increased oxidative stress and risk of atherosclerosis in individuals with Obstructive sleep apnea. PMID: 27029471
29. Peak unbound bilirubin was primarily associated with a decrease in bilirubin albumin binding affinity in infants PMID: 29132818
30. This meta-analysis showing increased ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) level in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism patients and its association with thyroid profile suggests that serum IMA could be used as a simple measure of increased oxidative stress in thyroid dysfunction. PMID: 27920278
31. The optimal cut-off value was identified to be 45.6 g/L, 26.9 g/L and 1.30 for serum albumin (ALB), serum globulin (GLB) and albumin/globulin ratio (AGR) in terms of survival, respectively. PMID: 27105522
32. Physiological serum copper concentrations found in malignancies cause unfolding induced aggregation of human serum albumin in vitro. PMID: 29122590
33. the structural homology between HSA and ESA is big, their crystal complexes with Myr-2S-cPA demonstrate significantly different mode of binding of this LPL analogue. HSA binds three molecules of Myr-2S-cPA, whereas ESA only one. Moreover, none of the identified Myr-2S-cPA binding sites overlap in both albumins PMID: 27129297
34. ghrelin binds to serum albumin and that this interaction impacts on the biological activity of the hormone. PMID: 27431015
35. Higher levels of serum albumin are associated with a lower mortality rate in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. PMID: 27542730
36. results indicate that in addition to its role as a monitor of systemic inflammation, albumin may have a direct role in hepatocellular carcinoma growth inhibition, either through modulation of alpha-fetoprotein or through its actions on growth-controlling kinases PMID: 28486226
37. These results provide an unprecedented view of how albumin interacts with Abeta and illustrate the potential of dark-state exchange saturation transfer NMR in mapping the interactions between amyloid-inhibitory proteins and amyloidogenic peptides. PMID: 28798235
38. C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio is a promising predictor of survival and recurrence in patients with rectal cancer treated by chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. PMID: 28982904
39. Lower serum albumin is associated with venous thromboembolic events in nephrotic syndrome. PMID: 28391310
40. Data suggest that increased level of anti-Amadori-albumin autoantibodies may be used as a biomarker in disease diagnosis and its progression. PMID: 28192530
41. Data indicate that repeated measurement after five hours showed a statistical significant difference for the fractional synthesis rate of fibrinogen but not for albumin. PMID: 28350862
42. Data suggest that, unlike albumin with low FcRn-binding affinity, albumin with high FcRn-binding affinity (due to genetic variation/genetic engineering) is directed less to lysosomes and more to endosomes, suggestive of FcRn-directed albumin salvage from lysosomal degradation. (FcRn = neonatal Fc receptor) PMID: 28637874
43. The mean albumin level for patients who developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-thrombosis (HITT) was significantly lower than that for patients who developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). PMID: 28289828
44. Data suggest that posttranslational modifications of human serum albumin (HSA) typical of hyperhomocysteinemia (N and Shomocysteinylation) reduce binding affinity of catechins to HAS; the catechins used here were dietary flavonoids, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). PMID: 26658763
45. The studies suggest that impaired endocytosis of megalin/cubilin ligands, hemoglobin and albumin, rather than heme toxicity, may be the cause of tubular proteinuria in sickle cell disease patients. PMID: 28356267
46. Decreased serum albumin on admission is significantly associated with long-term all-cause mortality in hospital survivors of acute myocardial infarction. PMID: 27257851
47. Intensity of systemic inflammation was assessed at all time points with C-reactive protein and albumin as prognostic covariates for overall survival in an extended Cox regression model.time-dependent effects are a prominent feature of intensity of systemic inflammation, a powerful prognostic biomarker for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 28618965
48. The presence of serum albumin in human eye tissues suggests its involvement in the metabolism, maintenance of tissue volume, and antioxidant reactions. PMID: 28361409
49. study to dertermine ischemia modified albumin (IMA) level in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and IBD subgroups, and to examine its relation with disease activity index; IMA levels in IBD were higher in comparison with the control group; IMA in IBD might be related with the pathogenesis of disease and correlated with the severity of the disease PMID: 26642816
50. Serum ischemia-modified albumin was higher in type 2 DM patients than in control subjects and was higher in diabetic patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy than in those without neuropathy. PMID: 27965983

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Hyperthyroxinemia, familial dysalbuminemic (FDAH); Analbuminemia (ANALBA)

Secreted.

ALB/AFP/VDB family

Plasma.

HGNC: 399

OMIM: 103600

KEGG: hsa:213

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000295897

UniGene: Hs.418167